Showing posts with label 乙. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 乙. Show all posts

Sunday, 23 May 2021

忆 | yì

In Mandarin Chinese, 忆 (Pinyin: yì 🔊) is a verb “to remember”, “to reminisce”, “to reflect upon” or a noun for “memory”.


忆 is a simplified form of the traditional character 憶. According to Wiktionary, 憶 is a phono-semantic compound of semantic 忄, a radical form of 心 “heart”, and phonetic 意 (Pinyin: yì) which also contains 心. So we can say that there are two hearts in 憶. In the simplified form, 意 got replaced by unrelated but similarly-sounding 乙 (yǐ). You may remember that the same story happened with 亿 (← 億).


Compounds of 忆 include

  • 回 “to return” + 忆 = 回忆 (huíyì 🔊): memory, to remember
  • 失 “to lose” + 忆 = 失忆 (shīyì): to lose memory
  • 记 “to record” + 忆 = 记忆 (jìyì 🔊): to remember, to recall
  • 记忆 + 力 “strength” = 记忆力 (jìyìlì): ability to remember; memory

In Japanese, 憶 could be rendered as either おく (oku) or おもう (omou 🔊).

夏燕
谷ゆけり記憶
散りゆけり
金子
natsu tsubame tani yukeri kioku chiri yukeri
a summer swallow
flies through the valley  —
memories scatter

More photos related to memories, hanzi and calligraphy @ Shutterstock.


* Kaneko Tohta, Selected Haiku, Part 2: 1961—2012. Red Moon Press, 2012, p. 63.

Tuesday, 2 January 2018

亿 | yì

In Mandarin Chinese, 亿 (Pinyin: yì 🔊) is a word for “hundred million” (i.e. 108) as well as, you may have guessed by now, “many”.

Alternative way of expressing the number 100 000 000 is 万万 / 萬萬 (wànwàn), i.e. 万 (wàn) “ten thousand” squared. However, 万万 is more often used as an adverb meaning “absolutely” or “certainly” (not).

亿 is a simplified form of the traditional hanzi 億. It is a phono-semantic compound of 亻, a radical form of our old friend 人 (“people”) and phonetic 意 (yì), which later got replaced by totally unrelated but similarly-sounding 乙 (yǐ). It looks like even in ancient times in China there was a firm association between “people” and “many” although, curiously, some historical forms of this character lack the radical 亻.

More photos related to numbers and sea glass @ Shutterstock.